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The new research, by five nutrition and public health experts at Harvard University, is by far the most detailed long-term analysis of the factors that influence weight gain, involving 120,877 well-educated men and women who were healthy and not obese at the start of the study. com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Many who were lean as young adults have put on lots of unhealthy pounds as they pass into middle age and beyond. 76 fewer pounds than the rest of the participants within each four-year period. The analysis examined how an array of factors influenced weight gain or loss during each four-year period of the study. In addition to diet, it has important things to say about exercise, sleep, television watching, smoking and alcohol intake. NYTimes. Kaplan counts 59 so far — and how many genes can contribute. Rather, the pounds creep up slowly, often unnoticed, until one day nothing in the closet fits the way it used to. Scientists have found more than 300 such altered genes — each may contribute just a few pounds but the effects add up in those who inherit a collection of them, Dr. com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. The fascinating results were published in June in The New England Journal of Medicine. Walter Willett, chairman of the nutrition department at the Harvard School of Public Health and a co-author of the study. So the newest findings on what specific foods people should eat less often — and more importantly, more often — to keep from gaining pounds as they age should be of great interest to tens of millions of Americans. Those with the greatest increase in physical activity gained 1. Even more important than its effect on looks and wardrobe, this gradual weight gain harms health.
Loos said. The beauty of the new study is its ability to show, based on real-life experience, how small changes in eating, exercise and other habits can result in large changes in body weight over the years. Arya Sharma, medical director of the obesity program at the University of Alberta. It is more likely that people inherit a collection of genes, each of which predispose them to a small weight gain in the right environment, said Ruth Loos, director of the genetics of obesity and related metabolic traits program at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. So far, investigators have found more than 25 genes with such powerful effects that if one is mutated, a person is pretty much guaranteed to become obese, said Dr. Not only can that explain why treatment is so difficult and results so wildly variable, but it can explain why prevention efforts often fail. And yet a treatment that works for one will do nothing for the other. Every two years, they completed very detailed questionnaires about their eating and other habits and current weight. Clockwise: Kayana Szymczak for The New York Times. After trial and error, here are six stories from people who finally found diets, drugs and other methods that helped them keep the weight off. Two people can have the same amount of excess weight, they can be the same age, the same socioeconomic class, the same race, the same gender. It makes as much sense to insist there is one way to prevent all types of obesity — get rid of sugary sodas, clear the stores of junk foods, shun carbohydrates, eat breakfast, get more sleep — as it does to say you can avoid lung cancer by staying out of the sun, a strategy specific to skin cancer. At least six prior studies have found that rising weight increases the risk in women of heart disease, diabetes, stroke and breast cancer, and the risk in men of heart disease, diabetes and colon cancer. Lee Kaplan, director of the obesity, metabolism and nutrition institute at Massachusetts General Hospital, there can be many paths to the same outcome. NYTimes. One focus of research is to figure out how many types of obesity there are — Dr.
